I found myself nodding along to most of this and really appreciate the positive vision and integration of safety and progress. Two critical comments:
In the last section you basically assert an alternative to the supposed progress/safety tradeoff, one which I prefer. But it left unanswered (and even unasked) a lot of the live questions I have about this topic. It seems like there are broader cultural patterns of (a) overblowing or even completely manufacturing risks, and (b) decreasing our tolerance for risk in a way that is less than intentional. And these often seem like the major source of objections to a pro-progress approach!
Second: there’s also a moral dimension to safety. I doubt if there’s are processes that completely safeguard us from nuclear war, absent enough good people to maintain and man those processes. Our moral excellence in ongoing mastery of the natural world just does demand that we stop lagging in our mastery of ourselves; insofar as that lag is getting worse, that’s a risk that’s probably irreducible.
(Your link to Public education as share of GDP seems to be recursive to this post.)
Really good questions. I also wish there was better historical data, including for the many centuries of history where the one-room-schoolhouse/tutorial method dominated. Very hard to say how many people attended school in Ancient Greece, the proportion of those people relative to various demographics, or even just how big schools were.
Quick and very incomplete tidbits off the top of my head, from a combination of pitch decks and my history of education class:
something like 70% of children > 5 and < 18 in the US were in public primary schools as early as 1880
the delta between that and present numbers is largely about the expansion of high school attendance
pre-20th c. US public education spending was something on the order of a thousandth of a percent of today’s spending (after adjusting for today’s dollars)
today there are about 100k public schools and 30k private schools in the US, and those numbers have been steady for a couple of decades
today roughly 1 in every 1000 adults in the US is a professional teacher in primary or secondary education